Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer diagnosed in American
men and women. However, the rate of diagnosis has decreased yearly since
the mid-1980s. This is mainly due to more people getting screened and
reducing their risk through lifestyle changes that can include exercise
and a healthy diet.
The American Cancer Society’s screening guidelines state:
People at average risk of colorectal cancer should start regular screening
at age 45.
People who are in good health, and with a life expectancy of more than
10 years, should continue regular screening
through age 75.
For people age 76 through 85, the decision to be screened should be based on personal preference, life
expectancy, overall health, and prior screening history.
People over age 85 should no longer get screened.
Individuals who are at high risk for colorectal cancer should discuss screening
options with their healthcare provider. This includes people who have
a personal or family history of colorectal cancer or certain types of polyps.
Screening tests can be divided into two main groups:
Visual exam Colonoscopy is considered the gold standard test. It can detect precancerous
polyps — abnormal growths in the colon or rectum — that can
be removed before they turn into cancer. A long, flexible tube (with a
tiny camera at the tip) is inserted into the rectum to examine the entire colon.
Stool-based test Cologuard is an at-home stool collection kit that detects certain DNA markers
and blood in the stool. It is intended for adults age 45 and older who
are at average risk for colorectal cancer. Note that Cologuard may only
be appropriate for some types of patients. The test is available through
a healthcare provider.
Contact your primary care provider to determine your eligibility for a
screening colonoscopy.
Most insurances cover screening tests at 100 percent. Contact your plan
for details.
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